What is EIP-4844? Proto-Danksharding and Blob Transactions Explained
What is the EIP-4844? Learn what proto-danksharding and blobs are, how they work, and how to send your first blob transaction using the new Ethereum improvement proposal
Proof of Stake (PoS) Vs Proof of Work (PoW) - The Full Comparison
In this guide, we explore what are the differences between Proof of Work (PoW) and. Proof of Stake (PoS), two Sybil resistance mechanisms used in blockchain networks.
What Are Blockchain Rollups? A Full Guide to ZK and Optimistic Rollups
What are crypto blockchain rollups? Learn everything you need to know about optimistic and zero-knowledge based rollups, how they work, and their differences.
Cyfrin Launches Smart Contract Courses and Security Audits to Support Projects and Developers on zkSync
Cyfrin supports projects and developers on zkSync in accessing high-quality public and private audits as well as top-notch smart contract development and security courses
What is a Layer 1 Blockchain? A Comprehensive Guide to L1s
An L1, or Layer 1 blockchain, refers to the base layer of a blockchain ecosystem. Learn everything you need to know about what are layer 1 blockchains and how they work.
Blockchain Architecture Layers: Guide and Topology
Learn the intricacies of blockchain architectures like Ethereum and Bitcoin, broken down into easy-to-understand pieces. From functional layers to layers 1 and 2.
Find Vulnerabilities in Your Solidity Codebase Using Cyfrin Aderyn
Open-sourced Rust-based Smart Contract static analyzer designed to help protocol engineers and security researchers find vulnerabilities in Solidity code bases
The ABI of a smart contract is an acronym for the “Application Binary Interface.” It defines the standard way to interact with contracts in the Ethereum ecosystem;
A comprehensive guide to Ethereum Blockchain Testnets
What is an Ethereum blockchain testnet? Learn everything you need to know about crypto testnets, faucets and how blockchain test networks work in this comprehensive guide
Learn how to prevent griefing attacks in smart contracts with real examples and fixes from the Solodit checklist. Build resilient blockchain protocols.
Solodit Checklist Explained (2): Denial-of-Service Attacks Part 2
Learn how to prevent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks in smart contracts by securing queues, handling low-decimal tokens, and managing external calls safely.
Solodit Checklist Explained (1): Denial-of-Service Attacks Part 1
Learn how to prevent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks in smart contracts. Explore common patterns, real-world examples, and secure coding practices in DeFi.
Explore the Solodit Checklist to build secure smart contracts. Learn practical tips, code analysis, and real-world insights to strengthen your blockchain projects.
Top Blockchain Developer Certifications and Why You Need One
Explore top blockchain developer certifications for 2025. Learn which credentials boost your career, prove your skills, and increase your earning potential.
Cyfrin's Blockchain Security and Education Newsletter: April 2025
Become a Cyfrin Ambassador, try Aderyn for real-time vulnerability detection, level up with the rETH course, and catch up on major hacks, audits, and insights.
Hardware Wallet Security: What Your Device Must Show You
Learn what your hardware wallet must display before you sign. Verify key details in messages and transactions to avoid scams because security starts with you.
Supercharge Secure Solidity Development: The Aderyn VS Code Extension
Secure your Solidity smart contracts effortlessly. Cyfrin's Aderyn VS Code Extension detects vulnerabilities in real-time directly within your coding workflow.
Uniswap V4 Swap: Deep Dive Into Execution and Accounting
Explore Uniswap V4's swap mechanics with an in-depth look at flash accounting, transient storage, and execution flow through detailed code examples and analysis.
Cyfrin’s Ambassador Program: Championing a Secure Web3 Future
Become a Cyfrin Ambassador to lead blockchain security, educate communities, and connect with industry leaders. Apply now to drive blockchain innovation!
Ensure secure ZKsync governance with a powerful CLI tool for verifying proposals, decoding transactions, and preventing front-end spoofing before approval.
How I Used Solodit to Win Blockchain Security Contests
Discover how Solodit transformed security research—turning reports into a winning strategy for blockchain security contests. Learn the method top pros use.
Cyfrin's Blockchain Security and Education Newsletter: March 2025
Stay ahead in Web3 security! Explore the Bybit $1.4B hack, top exploits, smart contract tips, and tools to protect your assets in Cyfrin’s latest security update.
The Safe Wallet Hack That Led to Bybit’s $1.4B Heist
Discover how hackers exploited Safe’s infrastructure, leading to Bybit’s record-breaking $1.4B theft. A deep dive into the attack, security flaws, and key takeaways.
Enhance web3 OpSec with proven security strategies for protocols. Learn layered defenses, key handling, and secure processes to protect user and protocol funds.
Missing or Improper Input Validation in Smart Contracts
Learn how improper input validation in Solidity can lead to exploits. Explore best practices for securing your smart contracts and preventing security risks.
Learn Vyper for secure smart contract development. Explore its features, security benefits, Solidity comparison, installation, and real-world DeFi use cases.
CodeHawks Partners with OpenZeppelin, Guardian Audits, and Hashlock To Launch Co-Hosted Audits
CodeHawks partners with Guardian Audits, OpenZeppelin, and Hashlock to enhance protocol security through multi-phased, co-hosted smart contract audits.
Understand Solidity smart contract reverts, their function, and how to handle them. Explore require, revert, assert, gas errors, and try/catch for secure development.
Reduce The Risk of Cyber Attacks: Isolated Dev Environments
Learn how isolated development environments like Docker containers can protect your code and sensitive data from cyber threats. Stay secure and informed!
How to Avoid Crypto Scams and Not Lose Money in Web3: Part 2
Explore advanced web3 scams like MEV attacks, SIM swaps, and DNS compromises, with actionable OPSEC tips to protect your assets and avoid becoming a victim.
How to Avoid Crypto Scams and Not Lose Money in Web3: Part 1
Learn how to protect yourself from crypto scams in web3. This guide covers phishing, malware, wallet security, and private key management to safeguard assets.
What Is A Blockchain RPC Node - Everything You Need To Know
Learn about blockchain RPC nodes: what they are, how they work, their types, key functions, providers, and security considerations in this detailed guide.
Cyfrin saw significant growth in 2024 doubling the team, securing over $10b in blockchain assets, and educating 200k+ students on smart contract development.
Mastering Solidity Gas Efficiency: 12 Tips to Tackle Rising Fees on Base and Other L2 Chains
Cyfrin’s guide to the best Solidity gas optimization techniques for Base and other L2 Chains. Reduce cost with advanced, real-world, and tested strategies.
What Is Blockchain Interoperability: A Complete Guide
Learn what blockchain interoperability is and why it matters. Discover how leading protocols combine its core components to deliver value across industries.
7 Tips To Transition from Cybersecurity to Blockchain Security Researcher
Explore 7 tips to transition from traditional cybersecurity into blockchain security research. Get tips for navigating the industry and maximizing your opportunity.
Introducing Aderyn's Language Server: Elevating Solidity Security with Real-time Feedback
Aderyn's Language Server elevates Solidity developers' experience by providing real-time security diagnostics and coding best practices in any code editor.
Flash loans are unique financial products, only available in DeFi. This blog post will teach you what a flash loan is, how it works, and what it can be used for.
A Full Comparison: What are Fraud Proofs and Validity proofs?
Fraud proofs and validity proofs are both used by rollups to check the validity of transactions. Delve into their differences, functions, and advantages and disadvantages
Explore ZK and Succinct rollups. Answer the questions: what are ZK rollups, how do they work, and why are they considered the future of Ethereum scaling?
What is a Zero-Knowledge Proof | A Practical Guide for Programmers
What is a zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) and how do they work? Explore ZKPs, survey mathematical ZKPs, and understand what programmers need to know to implement them.
Top 10 Solidity interview questions to help you prepare for your next Solidity technical initerview. Join your dream team as a smart contract developer!
Hackathon 101: How to Prepare for a Web3 Hackathon and Be Successful
Discover how to prepare for a Web3 hackathon—from selecting the right event to building a team and managing deadlines—to boost your skills and maximize your fun.
Five Beginner Solidity Projects to Build a Developer Portfolio
Build your Solidity developer portfolio with 5 beginner projects, including crypto lotteries and DAOs. Master smart contracts and excel in the Web3 job market.
Cyfrin To Support Soneium As Ecosystem Security Provider
Cyfrin supports Soneium as ecosystem security partner for their public blockchain ecosystem. Read more about the collaboration and what it means for security.
5 Web3 Development Tools to Make Building dApps Easier
Build dApps faster with Web3 tools like Chainlink, Alchemy, and Thirdweb. Use pre-built components and trusted resources for secure, scalable projects.
Learn what Soulbound Tokens (SBTs) are, their differences from NFTs, and explore use cases like digital identity and certifications with insights into ERC-5114 and ERC-54
Learn to implement Permit2, the token approval system compatible with all ERC-20 tokens that streamlines user experience and reduces their economic burden.
What is Solidity Programming Language: A Complete Guide
Solidity is a high-level Programming Language for writing Smart Contracts on Ethereum and most EVM-compatible blockchains. Learn more in Cyfrin's deep dive.
Introduction to Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs)
Cyfrin's Iintroduction to Ethereum improvement proposals (EIPs). A guide to understanding what they are, how they work, and their importance to the Ethereum ecosystem.
What is a Merkle Tree, Merkle proof, and Merkle Root
Deep dive into a Merkle Tree's data structure and how Merkle proofs prove data is there. Answer the question: What is a Merkle Tree, Merkle Proof, and Merkle Root?
Blockchain technology opens new avenues of commerce and asset ownership. It also comes with a lot of hype. What are the real use cases for blockchain technology?
Introducing Hooks into DEX Liquidity Pools ushers in a new era of customization. Discover how they add functionality, reduce risk, and increase potential rewards.
Ethereum Distributed Validator Technology (DVT) - Full Introduction
Learn about Distributed Validator Technology (DVT) and how it can increase the Ethereum's decentralization, make staking more appealing, and increase network security.
A completely redesigned competitive smart contract security audit platform with new features and functionality, improved processes, and industry-leading usability.
How to fix ‘Data location must be memory or calldata‘ | Where can the EVM read and write data?
Learn where the EVM can read and write data, what calldata, memory, and storage are, and the best practices to know when writing your solidity or Vyper smart contracts
What is a Blockchain Beacon Chain: The Foundation for Ethereum 2.0
The beacon chain is a fundamental component of Ethereum 2.0, designed to enhance scalability, security, and efficiency by transitioning from a proof of work (PoW) to a pr
Tokenized RWAs are real-world assets represented as tokens on the blockchain. Learn what crypto RWAs means, how they work and the list of projects to keep an eye on.
What is EIP-4844? Proto-Danksharding and Blob Transactions Explained
What is the EIP-4844? Learn what proto-danksharding and blobs are, how they work, and how to send your first blob transaction using the new Ethereum improvement proposal
Proof of Stake (PoS) Vs Proof of Work (PoW) - The Full Comparison
In this guide, we explore what are the differences between Proof of Work (PoW) and. Proof of Stake (PoS), two Sybil resistance mechanisms used in blockchain networks.
What Are Blockchain Rollups? A Full Guide to ZK and Optimistic Rollups
What are crypto blockchain rollups? Learn everything you need to know about optimistic and zero-knowledge based rollups, how they work, and their differences.
Cyfrin Launches Smart Contract Courses and Security Audits to Support Projects and Developers on zkSync
Cyfrin supports projects and developers on zkSync in accessing high-quality public and private audits as well as top-notch smart contract development and security courses
What is a Layer 1 Blockchain? A Comprehensive Guide to L1s
An L1, or Layer 1 blockchain, refers to the base layer of a blockchain ecosystem. Learn everything you need to know about what are layer 1 blockchains and how they work.
Blockchain Architecture Layers: Guide and Topology
Learn the intricacies of blockchain architectures like Ethereum and Bitcoin, broken down into easy-to-understand pieces. From functional layers to layers 1 and 2.
Find Vulnerabilities in Your Solidity Codebase Using Cyfrin Aderyn
Open-sourced Rust-based Smart Contract static analyzer designed to help protocol engineers and security researchers find vulnerabilities in Solidity code bases
The ABI of a smart contract is an acronym for the “Application Binary Interface.” It defines the standard way to interact with contracts in the Ethereum ecosystem;
A comprehensive guide to Ethereum Blockchain Testnets
What is an Ethereum blockchain testnet? Learn everything you need to know about crypto testnets, faucets and how blockchain test networks work in this comprehensive guide
What is a Crypto Hardware Wallet and How Does it Work?
A crypto Hardware Wallet is a physical device that Securely Stores private cryptographic keys offline. Learn More in Cyfrin's Full Guide to hardware wallets.
A cold storage crypto wallet is a type that isn’t connected to the internet and is less likely to be exposed to online threats like malware or phishing attacks.
The Full Guide on Reentrancy Attacks in Solidity Smart Contracts
What is a Reentrancy Attack in Solidity smart contracts? Learn how blockchain reentrancy attacks work and how to protect your smart contracts from them.
5 Best Courses To Learn Solidity From Scratch - For Free
The best free smart contract development courses, boot camps, certifications, and resources to learn Solidity development from scratch and kickstart your career.
On March 5th 2024, WOOFi’s synthetic proactive market making (sPMM) algorithm that controls the pricing of WOOFi Swaps was exploited on Arbitrum for $8.6M. Here's how.
Seneca Protocol is a decentralized finance product which was exploited for $6million. Here is how it happened, a proof of concept, and how to mitigate it.
What is Sybil Resistance in Blockchain? Understanding Sybil Attacks
Sybil attacks undermine the integrity and security of blockchain networks. This article explores what is Sybil resistance, its consequences, and mitigations.
EIP 3664 - The full guide to advanced NFT properties
EIP 3664 extends NFT standards to enable customizable, interoperable, and evolvable NFT attributes. You'll learn how to use it, how it works, and its ecosystem impact.
How did the Euler Finance hack happen? - Full Hack Analysis
Euler Finance was hacked for ~$200M due to a missing check on the liquidity status. We explore a step by step of how this attack happened, including a proof of concept.
Smart Contract Fuzz Tests Using Foundry | Full guide (updated)
Learn how to write Solidity smart contract fuzz tests (fuzzing) using the Foundry framework. Write tests, use prank addresses, and execute them using forge.
What is the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm? - ECDSA Signatures
The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and is used to generate keys, authenticate, sign, and verify messages
A Smart Contract Security Audit is a time-boxed, Security-based code review of a Smart Contract or Protocol to enhance Security and identify vulnerabilities.
Smart contracts have been tested and audited, but are they truly bulletproof? When you think your code is secure, an attacker might exploit a vulnerability that you
